Diabetes has been known across the ages as the disease of insulin impairment. However, defective insulin tolerance and action affects people with many metabolic disorders. Insulin is a hormone with specific mechanisms that balance the utilization and storage of energy in the forms of sugar, fat, or protein. When insulin is not being produced, or recognized properly, the effects can be countless and severe. While there is only one receptor that has absolute affinity to insulin, this receptor can activate many, unique pathways depending on the present conditions. Insulin exclusively is not the only source of these metabolic diseases. Many diseases arise when there is a malfunction in the insulin receptor as well. Diabetes Type 1 is characterized by an absolute insulin deficiency from the pancreas. However, the much more prevalent type 2 diabetes is primarily caused by insulin resistance in other tissues. Leprechaunism, or Type A Insulin Resistance, is a direct result of mutated receptor genes. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome affects many women and has only been recently associated to insulin resistance. Very remarkable is a novel gene involved in the insulin pathway called wolframin, which when mutated, codes for a predictable membrane protein contributing to wolfram syndrome, diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, and optic atrophy and deafness (DIDMOAD). Insulin has also shown to be involved in tumor development of cancer patients. This research analysis takes a small step into analyzing the predisposed districts of the complete insulin pathway to understand metabolic diseases conjunctively as a single category, rather than analyzing the diseases as unique from one another.